Phenolic compounds in horticultural crops Phenolic compounds Sources Effects on human wellness

 

Phenolic compounds in horticultural crops 

Phenolic compounds Sources Effects on human wellness 

Flavonoids: -

Flavonoids  are one of the most widely occurring groups of secondary metabolites or phytochemicals in plants. They induct enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. 

Flavonoids are a large family of lower molecular weight polyphenolic compounds found in plant tissues, which include flavones, flavonols, flavonones, anthocyanin anthocyanidins, catechins, and isoflavonoids. 

Other phenolics like p-coumaric, caffeic, ferrulic, and chlorogenic acids are reported in tomato. They are mostly present in the skin. Among cucurbits, flavonoids are present in genera Cucumis, Lagenaria, Citrullus, and Luffa. Quercetin and kaemferol are reported in French beans.

 Cheratin is a flavonoid isolated from bitter gourd having a hypoglycaemic effect.

 Onion and garlic contain several sulfur-containing compounds like allicin, garlicin, etc. which reduce blood cholesterol and help to prevent coronary heart diseases and heart attacks

Proanthocyanins :-

Apple, grape, cranberry, pomegranate.

They help  to  prevent cancer 

Anthocyanidins :-

Apple, blackberry, blueberry, cranberry, grape, nectarine, peach, plum & prune, pomegranate, raspberry, and strawberry

They help to   prevent heart disease, cancer initiation, diabetes, cataracts, and allergies; help lower blood pressure. 

Flavan-3-ols :-

Apples, apricots, blackberries, plums, raspberries, strawberries 

They help to  prevent platelet aggregation and cancer 

Flavanones :-

Oranges, grapefruit, lemons, limes, tangerines Help prevent cancer Flavones Guava 

They help to  prevent cancer, allergies, and heart disease 

Flavonols :-

Cranberry 

They help to  prevent heart disease and cancer initiation; are capillary protestants. 

Phenolic acids :-

Blackberry, raspberry, strawberry, apple, peach, plum, cherry 

They help to  prevent cancer; help lower cholesterol