Some Popular and Botanical Names of Crops:

 

Some Popular and Botanical Names of Crops

Arhar (Redgram) Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. 

Bajra (Pearlmillet) Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke 

Barley Hordeum vulgare L.

 Bengalgarm (Gram; Chickpea) Cicer arietinum L. 

Blackgram (Urd) Vigna mungs (L.) Hepper 

Blue panic Panicum antidotale 

Castor Ricinus communis L. 

Chilli Capsicum frustescens L. 

Clusterbean (Guar) Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) Taub 

Coriander Coriandrum sativum L. 

Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp 

Fingermillet (Ragi) Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn 

Foxtail millet (Setaria, Italian millet) Setaria italica Beauv 

Gingelly (Sesamum, Sesame, Til) Sesamum indicum L. Sesamum orientale L. 

Gram (Bengalgram) Cicer arietinum L.

 Greengram (Moong) Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek 

Groundnut (Peanut) Arachis hopogaea L. 

Guar (Cluster bean) Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.) Tabu 

Horsegram Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc 

Hybrid Napier (Pennisetum purpureum x P. typhoides) F1 

Indian bean (Lablab) Lablab purpureus (L) Sweet 

Indian rape (Toria) Brassica campestris L. 

Indian squash melon (Tinda) Citrulus fistulosus 

Italian millet (Foxtail millet, Setaria) Setaria italica Beauv 

Jowar (Sorghum) Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 

Jute Corchorus capsularis L. 

Kabuli gram Cicer arietinum L. Lentil (Masoor) Lens culinaris Medic 

Maize Zea mays L. 

Mesta (Rozella) Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. 

Moth (dew gram) Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal 

Mustard (Raya) Brassica juncea Coss

Napier Grass Pennisetum purpureum 

Niger Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass

 Rice (Paddy) Oryza sativa L. 

Peanut (Groundnut) Arachis hypogaea L. 

Pearlmillet (Bajra) Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke 

Peas Pisum Sativum L. 

Pigeonpea (Arhar, Redgram, Tur) Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. 

Potato Solanum tuberosum L.

 Proso millet Panicum miliaceum L. 

Ragi Eleusine coracane (L.) Gaertn 

Rajgira (Amaramthus) Amaramthus viridae L. 

Rapeseed (Sarson) Brasica campestris L. var. Sarson Prain

Raya (Mustard) Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss 

Redgram (Pigeonpea, Arhar, Tur) Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp 

Rice (Paddy) Oryza sativa L. 

Rozella (Mesta) Hibiscus sabdariffa L. 

Safflower Carthamus tinctorius L. 

Sarson (Rapeseed) Brassica campestris L. var. Sarson Prain

Setaria (Foxtail millet, Italian millet) Setaria italica Beauv 

Siratro Macroptilium purpureum L. 

Sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Soyabean or Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr 

Sunflower Helianthus annuus L. 

Sweet Potato Ipomea batatas (L.) Lam 

Taramira (Rocket salad) Eruca sativa Mill 

Til (Gingelly, Sesamum, Sesame) Sesamum indicum L. Sesamum orientale L. 

Tinda (Indian Squash Melon) Citrulus fistulosus 

. Toria (Indian rape) Brassica campestris var toria Duthie & Fuller 

Tur (Redgram, Pigeonpea, Arhar) Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. 

Triticale Triticale officinale 

Urd (Blackgram) Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

Niger seeds (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)

 

Niger seeds (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) : -

 Niger seed can be utilized to treat the rheumatoid by use of oil on the parts where the agony is available by intermittently utilization of the Niger seed oil, the danger of the request issue can be kept away from. 

In Bundelkhand region, India people uses of Niger seed used a thick paste of the stem together with leaf was applied at joint for treatment of rheumatism inflammatory disease. 

Boiling of seed leaves are used, sprouted seeds were mixed with garlic and are used to treat cough frequency of double in a day or thrice during a day for cough. 

Microbial infection, burns, cough, contraceptive, inflammatory disease and syphilis by the various petitioners selected in different dose and period at the side of specific ways of preparation . 

Guizotia is incredibly helpful within the treatment of sure reasonably diseases and numerous ex and in situ conservation methods at the side of cultivation of species could also be adopted to prevent the species from extinction.

Nutritional profile: - 

Niger seed is a fortune trove of supplements containing 483 calories, oil (30% - 40%), protein (10-25%), solvent sugars (12-18%), crude fiber (10-20%), moisture (10-11%) and ashes (4%).

 Concentrates announced about the vitamin and mineral substance of Niger seed as 0.43 mg/100 g thiamine, 0.22– 0.55 mg/100 g riboflavin, 3.66 mg/100g niacin 50– 587 mg/100 g calcium, and 180– 800 mg/100 g phosphorus. 

The seed contains around 40% oil with unsaturated fat structure of 75-80% linoleic corrosive, 7-8% palmitic and stearic acids, and 5-8% oleic corrosive . The Indian kinds contain 25% oleic and 55% linoleic acids 

What is Bhavaprakasha Nighantu (Dictionary) ?

 What is Bhavaprakasha Nighantu (Dictionary) ?

Ans: 

Bhavaprakasha Nighantu is said to be placed between 15-17th century. 

Some of its manuscripts available in Jammu Kashmir Library belongs to 1665AD. 

The work was done by Acharya Bhavamishra. 

The Bhavaprakasha Nighantu is on of the Laghutrayi. 

The book is divided into three sections Viz; Purvakhanda, Madhyama Khanda, Uttara Khanda.

 The text includes total 24 Vargas. 

25th one is miscellaneous section. In this the Medicinal flowers section is fourth one.

Ayurveda explains the longevity of life along with spiritual aspects. 

In day today life use of flowers were mentioned elaborately.

 For example the Dronapushpi flowers are used for Abhisheka. 

The Dhatura flower is offered to Lord Shiva, Tulasi for Lord Vishnu, Kamala for Lord Bramha, Lord Buddha, The Langali flower is for Lord Ganesha and the list goes on. 

Since ancient times flowers were using as decorative and spiritual aspects as well as in treatment aspects. 

The therapeutic properties of medicinal flowers were seen in our classical texts. The separate section is being mentioned called Pushpa Varga. 

These medicinal flowers are marketed by pharmaceutical companies for making perfumes, colouring agents, and for medicinal purpose.

 The essential oils are prepared from the dried flowers as the essential oils are more potent. The medicinal flowers possess anti viral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, mood stabilizing agents. 

BAKULA (Mimosa elengi Linn )

 

BAKULA OR MAULASHRI : -

 Botanical Name : Mimosa elengi Linn 

Family:- Sapotaceae 

Synonyms:- Madhugandha, Simha Kesaraka 

Pharmacological Actions:- 

1)Bakula is Kashaya(Astringent), Katu Vipaka(Pungent in post digestive effect), Anushna(Slightly hot in potency), Guru(Heavy), Subsides Kapha, Pitta, Visha(Poisons), Shwitra(Vitiligo), Krimi(Worms), Dantagada(Dental problems). 

2)The powder of the flower of the Bakula is given as Nasya(Nasal administration) cures headache, fatigue, and cardiac complications.

Davanam (Artemesia vulgaris Linn,)

 Davanam : 

DAMANAKA - 

Botanical Name- Artemesia vulgaris Linn,

 Family:- Asteraceae 

Synonyms:- Danta, Muniputra, Tapodhana, Gandhotkata, Bramhajata, Vinita, Kalapatraka. 

Pharmacological Actions:- 

Damanaka is Kashaya(Astringent), Tikta(Bitter), Hridya(Good for heart), Vrushya(Aphrodisiac), Sugandhika(Fragrant smell),

 It cures Visha(Poison effects), Kustha(Skin diseases), Asra Kleda(Diseases of Blood and secretions), Kandu(Itching), and all the Tridoshas(Vata, Pitta, Kapha Doshas). 

Maruvam (Ocimum gratissimum)

 Maruvam : 

MARUBAKA -

Botanical Name:- Ocimum gratissimum

 Synonyms:- Maruta, Marubaka, Maruta, Maru, Phani, Phanijjaka, 

Pharmacological Actions:-

Marubaka is Agniprada(Stimulates appetite), Hridya(Good for heart), Teekshna(Penetrating), Ushna(Hot in potency), Pittakaraka, Laghu(Light), Ruchikaraka(Stimulates taste), Katu Vipaka(Pungent in post digestive effect), Katu(Pungent in taste), Ruksha(Dry), Sugandhita(Has good odour).

It cures Vrischika Visha(Scorpion bite), Shleshma, Vata Doshas, Kustha(Skin diseases), Krimi(Worms).

Medicinal Flowers mentioned in Bhavaprakasika Book (Traditional Ayurveda Book) :

 Medicinal Flowers mentioned in Bhavaprakasika Book (Traditional Ayurveda Book) :

These medical  flowers are the integral part of Dravyaguna Vijnana(Indian Pharmacology) and highlighted the medicinal values which helps in the alleviating the diseases and maintains the health of the person.

 The essential oils are prepared from the dried flowers as the essential oils are more potent.

 The medicinal flowers possess anti viral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, mood stabilizing agents. 

Here an attempt is made to screen out the Bhavaprakasha Nighantu related only medicinal flowers and their therapeutic effects. Further study is required too cultivate such medicinal plants and evaluate the clinical activities like anti viral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, mood stabilizing agents. 

There are 39 medicinal flowers. Viz;-

 Kamala(Lotus), :Botanical Name- Nelubium speciosum willd, Family- Nymphacea

Padmini, 

Samvartika, 

Karnika, 

Keshara,

 Mrinala, 

Sthala Kamalini, 

Kumuda, Kumudini, 

Varivarni, Shaivala, 

Shatapatri(Rose), 

Vasanti(Ixora paviflora), 

Varshiki or Bela, 

Malati(Chameli), 

Yuthika, 

Champaka, 

Bakula, 

Brihadkumuda, 

Kadamba, 

Kubjaka, 

Mallika(Jasminum savebac), 

Madhavi(Clustured hiptage), 

Ketaki(Pandanus osoratissimus),

 Karnikara, 

Ashoka, 

Banapushpa, 

Saireyaka, 

Kunda, 

Muchakunda,

 Tilaka, 

Bandhujiva,

Japa Pushpa, 

Sindhuri, 

Agastya, 

Tulasi, 

Marubaka(Ocimum gratissimum), 

Damanaka, 

Barbari.