Nagaland King Chilli belongs to genus Capsicum of family Solanaceae
Naga king chilli has been considered as the world’s hottest chilli and is constantly on the top five in the list of the world's hottest chilies based on the Scoville Heat Units (SHUs.) rating ranging from 800,000 to over 1 million.
Used sparingly in Assamese and Naga curries, chutneys, and local pickles, as well as traditional remedies for arthritis and stomach issues, and historically as a natural deterrent against wild elephants.
The fruit of the plant and its leaves has been used as ethnobotanical medicine in different parts of the world. Phytochemical analysis has shown that the fruit is rich in capsaicinoids, which is the reasons for its high pungency.
Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are the two major capsaicinoids adding pungency to chlli.
Higher the capsaicin higher is the pungency. Recent studies have shown wide medicinal applications of capsaicin such as pain relief , anti-obesity treatment, as an antioxidant, antimicrobial agent and even as anticancer molecule.
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